An immunosuppressive drug, Cyclosporine (CsA), has been commonly used in kidney transplants. A safe dosing of CsA often causes nephrotoxity, bone marrow toxicity, and infection. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of CsA and CsA marker relation to the immune suppression have not been completely described in clinical practices yet.This review ... read more

Hypomagnesemia is a usual finding in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) that is usually the result of magnesium (Mg) loss from renal or gastrointestinal (GI) tracts.The current study aimed at evaluating the relationship between the level of Mg in serum and outcome of patients admitted ... read more

The number of patients with overweight and obesity requiring renal transplant in the past 2 decades increased considerably.The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of body mass index (BMI) on graft and patients survival rate.In the current retrospective, cross sectional study, transplant recipients were divided into ... read more

Patients on hemodialysis (HD) generally display a significant decrease in the quality of life owing to comorbidities, malnutrition, and inflammation.In this multicenter prospective study, the SF36 (short form with 36 questions scored between 0 and 100) and relevant demographic data and comorbidities (charlson comorbidity index); nutritional factors, ... read more

Children with pollakiuria have extraordinary daytime urinary frequency, which means urination every 15 to 20 minutes per day, without nocturnal enuresis, urinary incontinence, dysuria, and UTIs. This can be associated with developmental disorders. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of Pollakiuria on developmental disorders.A total ... read more

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a heterogeneous disorder. Two known loci, including PKD1 (16p13.3) and PKD2 (4q21), as well as a third locus that is not clearly identified, cause ADPKD.The aim of this study was to assess the genetic linkage of 4 linked microsatellite markers ... read more

The study aimed to compare tubeless, totally tubeless, and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in a tertiary center with selected patient population.Between September 2013 and March 2015, percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed on 216 patients in our center. Patients without massive bleeding, calyceal perforation, and residual fragments smaller than ... read more

This study aimed at presenting a case of testis dermoid tumor with false positive meta-iodobenzyl-guanidine (MIBG) scan.A 16-year-old male was referred to the urology service with bilateral testicular tumor. Testis carcinoid tumor was diagnosed after right radical orchiectomy. Although the MIBG scan was positive in left hemiscrotum ... read more

Anaplastic sarcoma of the kidney is an extremely rare tumor, mostly observed in pediatric age group. This tumor is the counterpart of embryonal or undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver and pleuropulmonary blastoma of lung. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, only 26 cases were reported in ... read more

Penile hair tourniquet syndrome (PHTS) is a rare clinical condition characterized by progressive penile strangulation caused by a piece of hair curled around sulcus corona. This clinical condition may result in some clinical and urgent complications including ischemia and gangrene of glans penis, urethra-cutaneous fistulae, and urethral ... read more